【Python】TwitterのAPIから動画・画像をアップロードする

今回はTwitterのAPIを経由して動画ファイルをアップロードする方法について調べた結果をメモしておこうと思います。

投稿やユーザー情報の取得についてはラッピングライブラリも結構ありますし簡単に行えるので、動画投稿もちょっと調べたら簡単にできるっしょｗｗｗ　　って思っていたのですがなかなかの沼でした。。。

‘code’: 32, ‘message’: ‘Could not authenticate you.’や’state’: ‘pending’, ‘check_after_secs’: 1などの意味不明なエラーを吐き続ける事数時間、ようやく動いたのでその時のコードをメモっておきます。

import os
import sys
import time
import json
import requests
from requests_oauthlib import OAuth1

MEDIA_ENDPOINT_URL = 'https://upload.twitter.com/1.1/media/upload.json'
POST_TWEET_URL = 'https://api.twitter.com/1.1/statuses/update.json'

# 自分のAPI鍵
CONSUMER_KEY = ''
CONSUMER_SECRET = ''
ACCESS_TOKEN = ''
ACCESS_TOKEN_SECRET = ''

# アップロードする動画ファイルのパス
VIDEO_FILENAME =  r'C:\～～～\test.mp4'

# API認証
oauth = OAuth1(CONSUMER_KEY,
  client_secret=CONSUMER_SECRET,
  resource_owner_key=ACCESS_TOKEN,
  resource_owner_secret=ACCESS_TOKEN_SECRET)


class VideoTweet(object):

  def __init__(self, file_name):
    '''
    Defines video tweet properties
    '''
    self.video_filename = file_name
    self.total_bytes = os.path.getsize(self.video_filename)
    self.media_id = None
    self.processing_info = None


  def upload_init(self):
    '''
    Initializes Upload
    '''
    print('INIT')

    request_data = {
      'command': 'INIT',
      'media_type': 'video/mp4',
      'total_bytes': self.total_bytes,
      'media_category': 'tweet_video'
    }

    req = requests.post(url=MEDIA_ENDPOINT_URL, data=request_data, auth=oauth)
    print('MEDIA UPLOAD APIデバック用', req, req.text)
    media_id = req.json()['media_id']

    self.media_id = media_id

    print('Media ID: %s' % str(media_id))


  def upload_append(self):
    '''
    Uploads media in chunks and appends to chunks uploaded
    '''
    segment_id = 0
    bytes_sent = 0
    file = open(self.video_filename, 'rb')

    while bytes_sent < self.total_bytes:
      chunk = file.read(4*1024*1024)
      
      print('APPEND')

      request_data = {
        'command': 'APPEND',
        'media_id': self.media_id,
        'segment_index': segment_id
      }

      files = {
        'media':chunk
      }

      req = requests.post(url=MEDIA_ENDPOINT_URL, data=request_data, files=files, auth=oauth)

      if req.status_code < 200 or req.status_code > 299:
        print(req.status_code)
        print(req.text)
        sys.exit(0)

      segment_id = segment_id + 1
      bytes_sent = file.tell()

      print('%s of %s bytes uploaded' % (str(bytes_sent), str(self.total_bytes)))

    print('Upload chunks complete.')


  def upload_finalize(self):
    '''
    Finalizes uploads and starts video processing
    '''
    print('FINALIZE')

    request_data = {
      'command': 'FINALIZE',
      'media_id': self.media_id
    }

    req = requests.post(url=MEDIA_ENDPOINT_URL, data=request_data, auth=oauth)
    print(req.json())

    self.processing_info = req.json().get('processing_info', None)
    self.check_status()


  def check_status(self):
    '''
    Checks video processing status
    '''
    if self.processing_info is None:
      return

    state = self.processing_info['state']

    print('Media processing status is %s ' % state)

    if state == u'succeeded':
      return

    if state == u'failed':
      sys.exit(0)

    check_after_secs = self.processing_info['check_after_secs']
    
    print('Checking after %s seconds' % str(check_after_secs))
    time.sleep(check_after_secs)

    print('STATUS')

    request_params = {
      'command': 'STATUS',
      'media_id': self.media_id
    }

    req = requests.get(url=MEDIA_ENDPOINT_URL, params=request_params, auth=oauth)
    
    self.processing_info = req.json().get('processing_info', None)
    self.check_status()


  def tweet(self):
    '''
    Publishes Tweet with attached video
    '''
    request_data = {
      'status': '動画投稿しました！', 
      'media_ids': self.media_id
    }

    req = requests.post(url=POST_TWEET_URL, data=request_data, auth=oauth)
    print(req.json())

# API経由で動画をアップロード
if __name__ == '__main__':
  videoTweet = VideoTweet(VIDEO_FILENAME)
  videoTweet.upload_init()
  videoTweet.upload_append()
  videoTweet.upload_finalize()
  videoTweet.tweet()

参照：https://github.com/twitterdev/large-video-upload-python/blob/master/async-upload.py